Who is Allah?

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Young Explorers · ages 7–11

Is anything perfectly clean?

Uses your device's own voice. Holy words are left for a person to read.

الْقُدُّوسُ

al-Quddūs · The Utterly Pure and Holy

Fill a glass with water from the tap and hold it up to the window. It looks perfectly clear. Is it perfectly clean?

Not quite. Even the cleanest tap water has tiny things in it that you cannot see. There are little bits of minerals from the rocks it ran through, and a few bubbles of air. They are good for you, but they are there.

Now look at a snowflake on a dark glove, before it melts. It is beautiful. Six arms, like a tiny star.

A snowflake begins high up in a cloud, as a speck of dust. Water freezes onto it, and the ice grows into six arms. As it falls, it tumbles through warm air and cold air, wet air and dry air. Each change makes the arms grow a different way. That is why no two snowflakes are exactly the same.

But if you look through a microscope, you will see something else. Every snowflake has little bumps and wonky bits. A dent here. A broken tip there. Every one is lovely, and not one is perfect.

The same is true of everything. The shiniest apple has a tiny mark somewhere. The best football player sometimes misses. The kindest person sometimes gets cross. Even the Sun has dark spots on it.

Muslims believe there is One who is not like this at all. His Name is al-Quddūs. It means the Utterly Pure and Holy. Not just very clean, like a washed plate. Not just very good, like your best day. Al-Quddūs means there is nothing wrong in Him at all. No mark, no dent, no mistake.

That is one reason Muslims never draw pictures of God. Any picture would be of something, and every something has marks and limits. Al-Quddūs is not like anything we could draw.

When Muslims go into a mosque, they take off their shoes and wash first. Many Jews and Christians take off their shoes, or wash, or cover their heads before they pray too. It is a way of saying: this is a special, holy moment.

In the Hebrew Bible, the prophet Isaiah (peace be upon him) heard angels calling to each other. They said: “Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts; The whole earth is full of His glory.” Jews still say these words in their prayers today, standing on tiptoe. Christians sing them in church too, in a hymn called the Sanctus.

So next time it snows, catch a snowflake on your sleeve. Look at its six arms. Notice how beautiful it is, and how it is not quite perfect. Then think of the One who is.

Wonder with us

Everything we know has a little mark somewhere. What do you think it means for Someone to have none at all?

Try thisThe clear-water test

With a grown-up, pour some tap water through a coffee filter or a clean cotton handkerchief into a glass. Then put one drop of the water on a dark plate and let it dry in a warm place. Look closely, with a magnifying glass if you have one. Can you see a faint ring? That is what was hiding in the clear water.

Watch together

How snowflakes form, and why each one is different.

For grown-ups

Al-Quddūs appears in the Qur’an at 59:23 and 62:1; the root q-d-s means holiness and purity (it is shared with the Hebrew qadosh, ’holy’). The Isaiah line is Isaiah 6:3 (JPS 1917), the Kedushah in Jewish prayer and the Sanctus in Christian worship. Snowflakes form around dust or pollen particles, grow six-fold because of the shape of the water molecule, and vary because each falls through different temperatures and humidity. Tap water contains dissolved minerals such as calcium, which leave the faint ring when it dries. The point is gentle: we never picture God, because al-Quddūs is beyond anything that could be pictured. A question to share: when do you feel that a place or a moment is special?

More stories →

Watch more: Is anything perfectly clean?

6 films and talks, chosen for this page. They play here.

  • How Do Soap and Water Make Us Clean? | Chemistry for Kids

    SciShow Kids · 4 min

  • Geography | KS1 | KS2 | The water cycle | BBC Teach

    BBC Bitesize for Teachers · 2 min

    BBC Bitesize: the water cycle washes and renews the Earth's water.

  • Keeping Our Water Clean! | SciShow Kids

    SciShow Kids · 5 min

  • Journey of a Germ | Sid the Science Kid | PBS KIDS

    PBS KIDS · 2 min

  • Which is better: Soap or hand sanitizer? - Alex Rosenthal and Pall Thordarson

    TED-Ed · 6 min

  • What Are Clouds Made Of?

    SciShow Kids · 4 min

    SciShow Kids: what clouds are made of.